With each passing year, infiltration and cross-border firing have reduced to nearly zero. This has been a decade without visible acts of open terrorism or significant local militant recruitment. In the last five years particularly after the abrogation of Article 370 militancy has largely gone underground. While it would be premature to claim that the oxygen supply to terrorism has been completely choked off, we also cannot ignore the commendable efforts of the Indian Army at the borders. Compared to the situation from the 1990s up to 2015, we now find hardly any active militants on the ground certainly not as openly as during 1989, the early 1990s, or the Burhan Wani era.
Firstly, shelter and support to militants by locals have been completely denied. This shift is largely due to recent laws that not only deter youth from picking up arms but also protect local communities. Additionally, youth engagement initiatives by the Indian Army through various youth-oriented policies, schemes, and skill development programs have played a crucial role. The Indian Army not only launches operational missions along the borders but also implements people-oriented programs on the ground. These efforts have made the Army more people-friendly and effective in counter-terrorism operations.

Secondly, if we look at the condition of the borders, especially when comparing the situation in the 1990s to the past 35 years, we can clearly see a transformation. During the height of terrorism and cross-border tensions exacerbated by the high-altitude and hilly terrain the Indian Army has successfully converted these conflict-prone areas into infiltration-free and peaceful zones. The borders are no longer war zones but have become safe and accessible for tourism. This transformation is a direct result of the Army’s relentless efforts and deserves full credit. Through the use of modern technology, advanced equipment, wired fencing, and continuous surveillance, the Indian Army has turned once hazardous borders into thriving destinations for border tourism, now visited by lakhs of tourists, including offbeat and 6formerly restricted areas.
Thirdly, The Indian Army, in coordination with the Border Security Force (BSF), has deployed advanced surveillance systems along the borders to enhance security and curb infiltration. These technologies complement the physical presence of soldiers, creating a robust and multi-layered defense mechanism. Among the key systems in use are Battlefield Surveillance Radars (BFSRs), which can detect intruder movements even in rugged terrain and poor visibility. Unattended Ground Sensors (UGS) are strategically placed in infiltration-prone zones to pick up vibrations, footsteps, or vehicle activity. Additionally, Long Range Reconnaissance and Observation Systems (LORROS) equipped with thermal imaging and night vision enable continuous monitoring of sensitive stretches. The use of Multi-Sensor Imaging Systems (MSIS) ensures round-the-clock surveillance, even in adverse weather conditions like fog, snowfall, or darkness. These technologies have played a critical role in transforming once-vulnerable borders into secure, well-monitored zones, paving the way for peace and even tourism in formerly conflict-ridden areas.
Fourthly, in line with its technological advancement, the Indian Army has deployed a range of drones and UAVs to strengthen surveillance and counter-terrorism operations. These include Heron UAVs (Israeli-made), which are high-altitude drones capable of real-time surveillance across vast and difficult terrains. Switch Drones (Indian-made) offer tactical advantages with vertical take-off capabilities, making them ideal for reconnaissance in high-altitude and mountainous regions. Additionally, quadcopters are frequently used for close-range monitoring during cordon-and-search operations (CASO), allowing precise observation in built-up or forested areas. The integration of these aerial systems has significantly enhanced the Army’s ability to detect and neutralize threats before they escalate, especially in remote and infiltration-prone zones.
Fifthly, one of the most impactful advancements in border management has been the use of Satellite Imaging and GIS-based Mapping. Real-time satellite data enables security forces to monitor terrain changes, track infiltration routes, and identify suspicious movements with precision. Geographic Information Systems (GIS) aid in mapping historic insurgency patterns and planning counter-operations. Complementing this is the Smart Fencing initiative under the Comprehensive Integrated Border Management System (CIBMS), which integrates technologies like infrared sensors, laser barriers, underground seismic sensors, thermal imaging, and CCTV surveillance. Deployed along the India–Pakistan border, this smart fencing detects breaches in real time and alerts response teams instantly. Additionally, the integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning helps in predictive threat analysis by processing data from various sensors and recognizing behavioral patterns linked to potential threats.
Building on these technological foundations, the Indian Army has also deployed Loitering Munitions (kamikaze drones) for precision strikes on terrorist launchpads, alongside laser-guided bombs and GPS-enabled artillery to neutralize high-value targets with minimal collateral damage. To support soldiers in extreme weather, particularly in high-altitude areas like Siachen and Kargil, the Army uses specialized climate gear including snow scooters, thermal suits, and Arctic-grade tents. Communication jammers disrupt terrorist radio and satellite links, while cyber surveillance teams monitor digital activity to intercept potential threats. Modernized border outposts are now equipped with high-speed communication networks, drone launch pads, remote-controlled weapon systems, and fortified underground bunkers. Collectively, these advancements have resulted in a sharp decline in infiltration, early threat detection, effective neutralization of foreign militants, and the growth of secure border tourism, showcasing the Indian Army's adaptability in modern warfare.
Lastly, when we observe the overall trend, it becomes evident that the Indian Army has worked tirelessly, day and night, for the elimination of terrorism. If Kashmir is finally witnessing peace after three turbulent decades, much of the credit goes to the restoration of calm along the borders and the successful crackdown on terrorism. It is, therefore, our collective responsibility to acknowledge and honour our brave soldiers for their unwavering sacrifices in upholding the nation’s integrity, sovereignty, and the vision of lasting peace and prosperity.

Email:---------------------vadaiekashmir@gmail.com