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Suppose that you took a marble and made it a grain of sand, and that you took a grain of sand and made it a single atom. That is the size that we are describing with nanotechnology - the technique of manipulating materials that fall between 1-100 nanometres
"Where'd that come from?" and Iron man replies, "It's nanotech. You like it I still remember the first sight of the nanotechnology suit of Iron Man in the Avengers: Infinity War film. However, nowadays, nanotechnology is not confined to fiction or movie scripts only. Scientists in laboratories in India are working with the materials that are small enough that thousands of them can fit on the end of a human hair. Such tiny particles are causing giant ripples in healthcare, and are likely to transform the manner in which we diagnose illnesses, deliver medicines, and treat some of the most intractable health issues in India. Introduction to nanotechnology in the health sector Welcome to the world nanotechnology in healthcare - a sector that is transforming the face of contemporary medicine in our country at a fast rate.
What is Nanotechnology?
Suppose that you took a marble and made it a grain of sand, and that you took a grain of sand and made it a single atom. That is the size that we are describing with nanotechnology - the technique of manipulating materials that fall between 1-100 nanometres. Comparing this with another thing, a human hair is approximately 80,000 nanometres in width. Materials at this extraordinarily small scale behave in different ways and are able to do incredible things that their larger counterparts cannot.
The Indian government has placed all its support on this radical technology. The Nano Mission is a holistic initiative that the Department of Science and Technology has been operating since 2007 and has formed close to 20 Centres of Excellence in the country. These centres offer innovative facilities to conduct research on nanomedicine and form an ecosystem whereby scientists can transform their ideas into actual therapies to the patients.
The government has spent hundreds of crores on nanotechnology research under the Nano Mission because it realizes that the sector is the future of the healthcare industry, says a senior official of the Department of Science and Technology (DST). The project offers competitive grants to higher education institutions and research centres, PhD students and post-doctoral fellows and develops specialized training courses to develop Indian expertise in this high-end technology.
Among the most recent discoveries is the one of the scientists of the Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST) in Mohali in collaboration with the Tata Memorial Centre and IIT Bombay. They have created so-called nano-cups - minute bowl-shaped particles, which can literally burn cancerous cells with the help of light.
These nano-cups are prepared by a very ingenious one-step process at room temperature, which is far simpler and more economical to prepare than earlier methods. The particles have the ability to take in the infrared light and heat the cancer cells, this is known as the photothermal therapy. These nano-cups have demonstrated impressive success in the laboratory tests by destroying the metastatic tumours of breast tissue, greatly increasing the survival rates and reducing tumour relapse of animals DST Government Portal
“Another technological breakthrough, which has been developed by researchers at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) in Bangalore, is vanadium-based nanozymes that can stop dangerous blood clots without causing bleeding disorders. It is of particular importance in the case of such conditions as pulmonary embolism, when the conventional blood-thinning drugs might result in serious bleeding issues”
The nanozyme prevents clots by imitating the natural enzymes of the body only in a safer and more effective manner. The research team is currently in the process of testing this technology to treat ischemic strokes, and currently it is planned to proceed to clinical trials in the nearest future Deccan Herald.
Researchers at IISc have also come up with fluorescent nanoprobes capable of attacking cancer cells with specificity and thus they glow under special imaging devices. This will enable physicians to diagnose cancer at the earliest stages when it is most easily treated. Such nanoprobes can be used to detect tumours, which would otherwise not be detected using standard imaging methods.
The leading institutions of research in India are leading in the field of nanomedicine. Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay has already become a centre of research in cancer nanomedicine, with researchers creating gold nanostructures to treat cancer and developing a home-grown CAR-T cell therapy with the National Cancer Institute.
National Chemical Laboratory in Pune is leading the research in nano pharmacology, whereby they are developing better targeted drug delivery systems, which are capable of delivering medicines directly to diseased cells leaving healthy ones untouched. Instead, their research is aimed at developing nanocarriers which can penetrate biological barriers such as the blood-brain barrier and thereby the treatment of neurological diseases.
The Tata Memorial centre, the leading cancer treatment and research centre in India has developed nanotechnology focused research programs. Researchers there are developing nano-based imaging agents that can image cancer much earlier and more precisely than the existing systems, which can save thousands of lives by detecting cancer at an early stage.
India is witnessing an explosive growth in nanomedicine market. Recent market research revealed that the Indian nanomedicine market would increase with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 13.1% between 2024 and 2030, one of the fastest-growing markets in the health care industry according to Grand View Research.
The nanomedicine market is estimated to be in the region of $241.82 billion in 2024 and is expected to reach a figure of about 570.98 billion by 2032 with India witnessing an upwardly growing market share. The biggest segment is drug delivery systems, which is the most revenue generating in the Indian nanomedicine market.
Nanotechnology will revolutionize the treatment of cancer in India by facilitating delivery of specific drugs. Cancerous and healthy cells are impacted by traditional chemotherapy and result in serious side effects. Drug delivery system in nanoparticles is capable of attacking cancerous cells alone rather than causing serious side effects that may compromise the effectiveness of a treatment process.
As an example, scientists have produced nanoparticles that can be loaded with several cancer drugs at a time to overcome drug resistance that frequently occurs with other treatment methods. These multi-drug nanoparticles have the potential to offer targeted mixtures of drugs to tumours, enhancing the efficacy of treatment of cancer patients with advanced cancers.
Nanotechnology has been of immense help in India in the fight against tuberculosis. Nanocarriers have been prepared by scientists and can be used to deliver anti TB drugs and this can shorten the time of treatment that is now six months to a few weeks. This innovation may be especially disruptive to the TB eradication endeavours in India since shorter treatment regimens have higher chances of being adhered to by the patients.
Indian researchers have also worked toward helping the world solve the COVID-19 crisis by creating vaccine delivery systems based on nanotechnology. Nanoparticles of lipids were also very important in the development of mRNA vaccinations as they stabilize the delicate genetic material, and increase immunity.
Medical diagnostics in India are also getting transformed by nanotechnology. Researchers have come up with such nano sensors that can detect diseases using a few drops of blood, even before the symptoms appear. These devices can detect disease biomarkers like cancer, diabetes, heart disease, and others, therefore, leading to intervention and positive patient care.
Indian government has made elaborate regulations on the assessment of nano pharmaceuticals with AIIMS Delhi leading in the development of regulatory frameworks. The "Guidelines for Evaluation of Nano pharmaceuticals in India" offers the researchers and companies engaged in creating nano-based medicines a roadmap where safety can be maintained without hindering the innovative process AIIMS Guidelines.
Budget announcements have recently provided a National Deep-Tech Policy and a Fund of Funds of [?]10,000 crore to aid startups in AI, robotics, and nanotechnology. This is the acknowledgment of the government that deep-tech innovations such as nanomedicine are critical to the healthcare of India in the future.
Nanomedicine in India has a lot of potential but there are various challenges that it experiences. These small systems are complex, which makes them costly to come up with and produce. The regulatory roads are continuously developing, and regulators are trying to formulate a proper set of rules concerning safety and efficacy analysis.
There are the technical issues, too, like making nanoparticles stay long enough within the body to get to their targets and extrapolating laboratory accomplishments to scale to industrial manufacture. The state of art nanomedicine research can only be done on a small number of institutions in India currently owing to the specialization of equipment and expertise required.
It has seen a drastic increase in nanotechnology patent filings in India with a 30% increase recorded in 2019-23. India has registered more than 1,500 nanotechnology patents, most of which are pharmaceuticals and materials science Einfolge Patent Analysis.
The increasing number of intellectual property suggest that Indian scientists are not simply adopting the trends of the world but inventing their own original products that may result in the next generation of medicine treatments. Nevertheless, the patenting situation is not simple, and it is difficult to separate applications to novel nanomedicine practices and those that have been already developed.
The future of nanomedicine in India is very bright. Scientists are developing intelligent nanoparticles, which are able to react to certain stimuli in the body and release drugs only when and at the locations required. Think of insulin that releases itself only when the blood sugar is high, or chemotherapy drugs that would release themselves only when cancer cells are present.
Another technology scientists are considering is the possibility of nanorobots - mini-size robots capable of transporting themselves through the blood to execute particular medical duties. Although in their early stages of research, these technologies may one day be applied to cleaning the arteries of the plaque, to transport the stem cells to the injured areas, or even to carry out surgery at the cellular level.
Another promising frontier is personalized medicine. Nanotechnology might facilitate patient-specific therapy according to the genetic pattern of patients, where nanoparticles can deliver specific doses of medicine, precisely calibrated in accordance to the disease nature of the patient and their genetic composition.
Nanomedicine is an industry that is providing new jobs to the talented Indian population. The industry needs a wide range of talents, such as research scientists and engineers, manufacturing gurus, and regulatory experts. Nanomedicine startups are drawing huge investments, as venture capital firms are acknowledging the massive opportunity of this field.
Nanomedicine development may also assist in mitigating the healthcare expenditure in India in the long term. Nanotechnology-based healthcare would allow quality medical care to be affordable and accessible to millions of Indians by allowing earlier disease diagnosis, more effective treatment, and shorter hospitalization.
The cooperation between Indian researchers and international partners is growing in number and is making its contribution to global nanomedicine research as well as acquiring learning advantages of best practices globally. These partnerships are speeding up the process of coming up with new treatments and assisting Indian innovations in reaching other international markets.
International conferences and symposiums on nanomedicine are also being hosted in Indian institutions, putting the country as an important player in the new rapidly developing field. Recently, the Institute of Nano Medical Sciences has hosted a large-scale international symposium at which the top experts worldwide were invited to deliberate on the current trends in nanomedical sciences.
As India proceeds its road to global leadership in nanomedicine some major steps are required. Infrastructure should keep being invested in, and additional institutions should become available to the specialized equipment required in the nanomedicine research. The training programs should be increased to give the talented work force that this sector requires.
Regulatory systems must be updated to reflect technological advancements, and must be patient-safe without being innovation-threatening. Public-private are one of the ways to bridge the gap between the discoveries in the laboratory and commercial applications to speed up the process of translating research into actual treatment of the patients.
The level of awareness of nanomedicine should also rise in the society so that patients and healthcare professionals can know the advantages and constraints of these emerging methods. This will play a very important role to the successful adoption of nanotechnology-based treatments.
Nanotechnology revolution in Indian healthcare is not a farfetched dream anymore - it is being done currently in laboratories, hospitals, and research institutions all over the country. Could you have imagined cancer-fighting nano-cups, blood-clot-preventing nanozymes and so on, Indian scientists are inventing things that could revolutionize the way in which we cure diseases and save lives.
Though the journey is not smooth yet, through a combination of government backing, well-established research centres in the world, market demand, and innovativeness, India is set to be a global leader in nanomedicine. With these small particles continuing to cause big ripples in the medical field, millions of Indians will be well placed to enjoy the benefits of early disease diagnosis, improved treatment and a better lifestyle.
The future of the Indian healthcare can be small, but its influence will be tremendous. The smallest things are the ones that are increasingly making the greatest impact in the world of nanomedicine - and India is leading the way in the medical revolution.
Email:----------------------kamranbhatt029@gmail.com
Suppose that you took a marble and made it a grain of sand, and that you took a grain of sand and made it a single atom. That is the size that we are describing with nanotechnology - the technique of manipulating materials that fall between 1-100 nanometres
"Where'd that come from?" and Iron man replies, "It's nanotech. You like it I still remember the first sight of the nanotechnology suit of Iron Man in the Avengers: Infinity War film. However, nowadays, nanotechnology is not confined to fiction or movie scripts only. Scientists in laboratories in India are working with the materials that are small enough that thousands of them can fit on the end of a human hair. Such tiny particles are causing giant ripples in healthcare, and are likely to transform the manner in which we diagnose illnesses, deliver medicines, and treat some of the most intractable health issues in India. Introduction to nanotechnology in the health sector Welcome to the world nanotechnology in healthcare - a sector that is transforming the face of contemporary medicine in our country at a fast rate.
What is Nanotechnology?
Suppose that you took a marble and made it a grain of sand, and that you took a grain of sand and made it a single atom. That is the size that we are describing with nanotechnology - the technique of manipulating materials that fall between 1-100 nanometres. Comparing this with another thing, a human hair is approximately 80,000 nanometres in width. Materials at this extraordinarily small scale behave in different ways and are able to do incredible things that their larger counterparts cannot.
The Indian government has placed all its support on this radical technology. The Nano Mission is a holistic initiative that the Department of Science and Technology has been operating since 2007 and has formed close to 20 Centres of Excellence in the country. These centres offer innovative facilities to conduct research on nanomedicine and form an ecosystem whereby scientists can transform their ideas into actual therapies to the patients.
The government has spent hundreds of crores on nanotechnology research under the Nano Mission because it realizes that the sector is the future of the healthcare industry, says a senior official of the Department of Science and Technology (DST). The project offers competitive grants to higher education institutions and research centres, PhD students and post-doctoral fellows and develops specialized training courses to develop Indian expertise in this high-end technology.
Among the most recent discoveries is the one of the scientists of the Institute of Nano Science and Technology (INST) in Mohali in collaboration with the Tata Memorial Centre and IIT Bombay. They have created so-called nano-cups - minute bowl-shaped particles, which can literally burn cancerous cells with the help of light.
These nano-cups are prepared by a very ingenious one-step process at room temperature, which is far simpler and more economical to prepare than earlier methods. The particles have the ability to take in the infrared light and heat the cancer cells, this is known as the photothermal therapy. These nano-cups have demonstrated impressive success in the laboratory tests by destroying the metastatic tumours of breast tissue, greatly increasing the survival rates and reducing tumour relapse of animals DST Government Portal
“Another technological breakthrough, which has been developed by researchers at the Indian Institute of Science (IISc) in Bangalore, is vanadium-based nanozymes that can stop dangerous blood clots without causing bleeding disorders. It is of particular importance in the case of such conditions as pulmonary embolism, when the conventional blood-thinning drugs might result in serious bleeding issues”
The nanozyme prevents clots by imitating the natural enzymes of the body only in a safer and more effective manner. The research team is currently in the process of testing this technology to treat ischemic strokes, and currently it is planned to proceed to clinical trials in the nearest future Deccan Herald.
Researchers at IISc have also come up with fluorescent nanoprobes capable of attacking cancer cells with specificity and thus they glow under special imaging devices. This will enable physicians to diagnose cancer at the earliest stages when it is most easily treated. Such nanoprobes can be used to detect tumours, which would otherwise not be detected using standard imaging methods.
The leading institutions of research in India are leading in the field of nanomedicine. Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Bombay has already become a centre of research in cancer nanomedicine, with researchers creating gold nanostructures to treat cancer and developing a home-grown CAR-T cell therapy with the National Cancer Institute.
National Chemical Laboratory in Pune is leading the research in nano pharmacology, whereby they are developing better targeted drug delivery systems, which are capable of delivering medicines directly to diseased cells leaving healthy ones untouched. Instead, their research is aimed at developing nanocarriers which can penetrate biological barriers such as the blood-brain barrier and thereby the treatment of neurological diseases.
The Tata Memorial centre, the leading cancer treatment and research centre in India has developed nanotechnology focused research programs. Researchers there are developing nano-based imaging agents that can image cancer much earlier and more precisely than the existing systems, which can save thousands of lives by detecting cancer at an early stage.
India is witnessing an explosive growth in nanomedicine market. Recent market research revealed that the Indian nanomedicine market would increase with a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 13.1% between 2024 and 2030, one of the fastest-growing markets in the health care industry according to Grand View Research.
The nanomedicine market is estimated to be in the region of $241.82 billion in 2024 and is expected to reach a figure of about 570.98 billion by 2032 with India witnessing an upwardly growing market share. The biggest segment is drug delivery systems, which is the most revenue generating in the Indian nanomedicine market.
Nanotechnology will revolutionize the treatment of cancer in India by facilitating delivery of specific drugs. Cancerous and healthy cells are impacted by traditional chemotherapy and result in serious side effects. Drug delivery system in nanoparticles is capable of attacking cancerous cells alone rather than causing serious side effects that may compromise the effectiveness of a treatment process.
As an example, scientists have produced nanoparticles that can be loaded with several cancer drugs at a time to overcome drug resistance that frequently occurs with other treatment methods. These multi-drug nanoparticles have the potential to offer targeted mixtures of drugs to tumours, enhancing the efficacy of treatment of cancer patients with advanced cancers.
Nanotechnology has been of immense help in India in the fight against tuberculosis. Nanocarriers have been prepared by scientists and can be used to deliver anti TB drugs and this can shorten the time of treatment that is now six months to a few weeks. This innovation may be especially disruptive to the TB eradication endeavours in India since shorter treatment regimens have higher chances of being adhered to by the patients.
Indian researchers have also worked toward helping the world solve the COVID-19 crisis by creating vaccine delivery systems based on nanotechnology. Nanoparticles of lipids were also very important in the development of mRNA vaccinations as they stabilize the delicate genetic material, and increase immunity.
Medical diagnostics in India are also getting transformed by nanotechnology. Researchers have come up with such nano sensors that can detect diseases using a few drops of blood, even before the symptoms appear. These devices can detect disease biomarkers like cancer, diabetes, heart disease, and others, therefore, leading to intervention and positive patient care.
Indian government has made elaborate regulations on the assessment of nano pharmaceuticals with AIIMS Delhi leading in the development of regulatory frameworks. The "Guidelines for Evaluation of Nano pharmaceuticals in India" offers the researchers and companies engaged in creating nano-based medicines a roadmap where safety can be maintained without hindering the innovative process AIIMS Guidelines.
Budget announcements have recently provided a National Deep-Tech Policy and a Fund of Funds of [?]10,000 crore to aid startups in AI, robotics, and nanotechnology. This is the acknowledgment of the government that deep-tech innovations such as nanomedicine are critical to the healthcare of India in the future.
Nanomedicine in India has a lot of potential but there are various challenges that it experiences. These small systems are complex, which makes them costly to come up with and produce. The regulatory roads are continuously developing, and regulators are trying to formulate a proper set of rules concerning safety and efficacy analysis.
There are the technical issues, too, like making nanoparticles stay long enough within the body to get to their targets and extrapolating laboratory accomplishments to scale to industrial manufacture. The state of art nanomedicine research can only be done on a small number of institutions in India currently owing to the specialization of equipment and expertise required.
It has seen a drastic increase in nanotechnology patent filings in India with a 30% increase recorded in 2019-23. India has registered more than 1,500 nanotechnology patents, most of which are pharmaceuticals and materials science Einfolge Patent Analysis.
The increasing number of intellectual property suggest that Indian scientists are not simply adopting the trends of the world but inventing their own original products that may result in the next generation of medicine treatments. Nevertheless, the patenting situation is not simple, and it is difficult to separate applications to novel nanomedicine practices and those that have been already developed.
The future of nanomedicine in India is very bright. Scientists are developing intelligent nanoparticles, which are able to react to certain stimuli in the body and release drugs only when and at the locations required. Think of insulin that releases itself only when the blood sugar is high, or chemotherapy drugs that would release themselves only when cancer cells are present.
Another technology scientists are considering is the possibility of nanorobots - mini-size robots capable of transporting themselves through the blood to execute particular medical duties. Although in their early stages of research, these technologies may one day be applied to cleaning the arteries of the plaque, to transport the stem cells to the injured areas, or even to carry out surgery at the cellular level.
Another promising frontier is personalized medicine. Nanotechnology might facilitate patient-specific therapy according to the genetic pattern of patients, where nanoparticles can deliver specific doses of medicine, precisely calibrated in accordance to the disease nature of the patient and their genetic composition.
Nanomedicine is an industry that is providing new jobs to the talented Indian population. The industry needs a wide range of talents, such as research scientists and engineers, manufacturing gurus, and regulatory experts. Nanomedicine startups are drawing huge investments, as venture capital firms are acknowledging the massive opportunity of this field.
Nanomedicine development may also assist in mitigating the healthcare expenditure in India in the long term. Nanotechnology-based healthcare would allow quality medical care to be affordable and accessible to millions of Indians by allowing earlier disease diagnosis, more effective treatment, and shorter hospitalization.
The cooperation between Indian researchers and international partners is growing in number and is making its contribution to global nanomedicine research as well as acquiring learning advantages of best practices globally. These partnerships are speeding up the process of coming up with new treatments and assisting Indian innovations in reaching other international markets.
International conferences and symposiums on nanomedicine are also being hosted in Indian institutions, putting the country as an important player in the new rapidly developing field. Recently, the Institute of Nano Medical Sciences has hosted a large-scale international symposium at which the top experts worldwide were invited to deliberate on the current trends in nanomedical sciences.
As India proceeds its road to global leadership in nanomedicine some major steps are required. Infrastructure should keep being invested in, and additional institutions should become available to the specialized equipment required in the nanomedicine research. The training programs should be increased to give the talented work force that this sector requires.
Regulatory systems must be updated to reflect technological advancements, and must be patient-safe without being innovation-threatening. Public-private are one of the ways to bridge the gap between the discoveries in the laboratory and commercial applications to speed up the process of translating research into actual treatment of the patients.
The level of awareness of nanomedicine should also rise in the society so that patients and healthcare professionals can know the advantages and constraints of these emerging methods. This will play a very important role to the successful adoption of nanotechnology-based treatments.
Nanotechnology revolution in Indian healthcare is not a farfetched dream anymore - it is being done currently in laboratories, hospitals, and research institutions all over the country. Could you have imagined cancer-fighting nano-cups, blood-clot-preventing nanozymes and so on, Indian scientists are inventing things that could revolutionize the way in which we cure diseases and save lives.
Though the journey is not smooth yet, through a combination of government backing, well-established research centres in the world, market demand, and innovativeness, India is set to be a global leader in nanomedicine. With these small particles continuing to cause big ripples in the medical field, millions of Indians will be well placed to enjoy the benefits of early disease diagnosis, improved treatment and a better lifestyle.
The future of the Indian healthcare can be small, but its influence will be tremendous. The smallest things are the ones that are increasingly making the greatest impact in the world of nanomedicine - and India is leading the way in the medical revolution.
Email:----------------------kamranbhatt029@gmail.com
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